Informações sobre o curso: Este curso apresentará a você algumas das principais áreas de pesquisa da filosofia contemporânea. Em cada módulo um filósofo diferente conversará com você através de algumas das questões e assuntos mais importantes da sua área de conhecimento. Primeiro iremos tentar entender o que é a filosofia - quais são seus objetivos e métodos característicos, e como ela difere de outras matérias? A seguir, usaremos o restante do curso para adquirir uma visão introdutória de várias áreas diferentes da filosofia. Tópicos que você irá aprender: Epistemologia, onde consideraremos que nosso conhecimento do mundo e de nós mesmos consiste em e como nós o obtemos; Filosofia da ciência, onde iremos investigar conceitos fundamentais da pesquisa e prática científica; Filosofia da Mente, onde levantaremos questões sobre quais são as implicações de ter uma mente, e como mentes deveriam ser entendidas e explicadas; Filosofia Moral, onde tentaremos entender a natureza dos nossos julgamentos e reações morais - se visam alguma verdade moral objetiva, ou se são apenas preferências pessoais ou culturais, e; Metafísica, onde iremos refletir sobre algumas das questões conceituais fundamentais sobre a natureza da realidade. O desenvolvimento deste MOOC, Curso Online Aberto e Massivo, foi liderado pelo centro de pesquisas Eidyn, da Universidade de Edinburgh. Para acompanhar 'Introdução à Filosofia', temos o prazer de anunciar o livro intitulado 'Phylosophy for Everyone' ou 'Filosofia para Todos' que foi adaptado a partir da obra de Routledge. Esse companheiro do curso de 'Introdução à Filosofia' foi escrito pela equipe de filósofos da Edinburgh, explicitamente, tendo em mente, as necessidades dos alunos deste MOOC. 'Filosofia para Todos' apresenta capítulos claros e de fácil utilização, resumos de cada capítulo, glossário, questionários, sugestões para leitura e guias para recursos online. Por favor, clique em 'Start Here' e navegue até a página 'Optional Reading' para obter mais informações.
Desenvolvido por: Universidade de EdimburgoUniversidade de Edimburgo
Ministrado por: Dr. Dave Ward, Lecturer in Philosophy
University of Edinburgh
Ministrado por: Professor Duncan Pritchard, Professor of Philosophy
University of Edinburgh
Ministrado por: Professor Michela Massimi, Full Professor
Philosophy
Ministrado por: Dr. Suilin Lavelle, Lecturer in Philosophy
University of Edinburgh
Ministrado por: Dr. Matthew Chrisman, Reader in Philosophy
Philosophy
Ministrado por: Dr. Allan Hazlett
Ministrado por: Dr. Alasdair Richmond, Dr.
Philosophy
Ministrado por: Guy Fletcher, Lecturer
Philosophy
Ministrado por: Elinor Mason, Senior Lecturer
Philosophy
| Idioma | English, Legendas: Chinese (Simplified), Vietnamese, Dutch, Turkish, Hebrew, Spanish, Romanian |
| Como ser aprovado | Seja aprovado em todas as tarefas para concluir o curso. |
| Classificação do usuário |
Programa
SEMANA 1
What is Philosophy?
(Dr. Dave Ward) We’ll start the course by thinking about what Philosophy actually is: what makes it different from other subjects? What are its distinctive aims and methods? We'll also think about why the questions that philosophers attempt to answer are often thought to be both fundamental and important, and have a look at how philosophy is actually practiced. Finally, we'll briefly touch upon two very influential philosophers' answers to the question of how we can know whether, in any given case, there really is a right way of thinking about things.
4 vídeos, 3 leituras, 1 questionário de prática
- Reading: About this Course
- Reading: Module: What is Philosophy?
- Vídeo: Philosophy: Difficult, Important and Everywhere
- Reading: Optional Reading
- Vídeo: Philosophy: How Do We Do It?
- Vídeo: Is There A 'Right Way' To Think About Things?
- Practice Quiz: Practice: What is Philosophy?
Nota atribuída: What is Philosophy?
SEMANA 2
Morality: Objective, Relative or Emotive?
(Dr. Matthew Chrisman) We all live with some sense of what is good or bad, some feelings about which ways of conducting ourselves are better or worse. But what is the status of these moral beliefs, senses, or feelings? Should we think of them as reflecting hard, objective facts about our world, of the sort that scientists could uncover and study? Or should we think of moral judgements as mere expressions of personal or cultural preferences? In this module we’ll survey some of the different options that are available when we’re thinking about these issues, and the problems and prospects for each.
4 vídeos, 1 leitura, 1 questionário de prática
- Reading: Module: Morality: Objective, Emotive or Relative?
- Vídeo: Objectivism, Relativism and Emotivism
- Vídeo: Objections to Objectivism, Relativism and Emotivism
- Vídeo: Further Discussion
- Practice Quiz: Practice: Morality: Objective, Relative or Emotive?
What is Knowledge? And Do We Have Any?
(Professor Duncan Pritchard) We know a lot of things – or, at least, we think we do. Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that studies knowledge; what it is, and the ways we can come to have it. In this module, we’ll take a tour through some of the issues that arise in this branch of philosophy. In particular, we’ll think about what radical scepticism means for our claims to knowledge. How can we know something is the case if we’re unable to rule out possibilities that are clearly incompatible with it?
5 vídeos, 1 leitura, 1 questionário de prática
- Reading: Module: What is Knowledge? And Do We Have Any?
- Vídeo: The Classical Account of Knowledge and the Gettier Problem
- Vídeo: Do We Have Any Knowledge?
- Vídeo: Further Discussion 1
- Vídeo: Further Discussion 2
- Practice Quiz: Practice: What is Knowledge? And Do We Have Any?
Week 2 review
Nota atribuída: Morality: Objective, Relative or Emotive?
SEMANA 3
Do We Have an Obligation to Obey the Law?
(Dr. Guy Fletcher) The laws of a state govern what we can and cannot do within that state. But do we have an obligation to obey those laws? In this module, we'll discuss this question, together with some of the main positions that philosophers have developed in response to it. We'll start off by examining what obeying the law means exactly. Then we'll look at three factors that might form the basis of an obligation to follow the law. Finally, we'll discuss what the consequences might be if the problem can't be solved.
7 vídeos, 1 leitura, 1 questionário de prática
- Reading: Module: Do We Have an Obligation to Obey the Law?
- Vídeo: The Grounds of Political Obligation
- Vídeo: Gratitude and Benefit
- Vídeo: Consent
- Vídeo: Fairness
- Vídeo: What if the Problem Can't Be Solved?
- Vídeo: Summary
- Practice Quiz: Practice: Do We Have an Obligation to Obey the Law?
Should You Believe What You Hear?
(Dr. Allan Hazlett) Much of what we think about the world we believe on the basis of what other people say. But is this trust in other people's testimony justified? In this module, we’ll investigate how this question was addressed by two great philosophers of the Scottish Enlightenment, David Hume (1711 - 1776) and Thomas Reid (1710 - 1796). Hume and Reid's dispute about testimony represents a clash between two worldviews that would continue to clash for centuries: a skeptical and often secular worldview, eager to question everything (represented by Hume), and a conservative and often religious worldview, keen to defend common sense (represented by Reid).
5 vídeos, 1 leitura, 1 questionário de prática
- Reading: Module: Should You Believe What You Hear?
- Vídeo: Reid's Challenge to Hume
- Vídeo: Reid's Argument
- Vídeo: Kant, the Enlightenment and Intellectual Autonomy
- Vídeo: The Value of Intellectual Autonomy
- Practice Quiz: Practice: Should You Believe What You Hear?
Week 3 review
Nota atribuída: Do We Have an Obligation to Obey the Law?
SEMANA 4
Minds, Brains and Computers
(Dr. Suilin Lavelle) If you’re reading this, then you’ve got a mind. But what is a mind, and what does it take to have one? Should we understand minds as sets of dispositions to behave in certain ways, as patterns of neural activation, or as akin to programmes that are run on the computational hardware of our brains? In this module, we’ll look at how and why recent philosophy of mind and psychology has embraced each of these options in turn, and think about the problems and prospects for each.
7 vídeos, 2 leituras, 1 questionário de prática
- Reading: Module: Mind, Brains and Computers
- Vídeo: Physicalism: Identity Theory and Functionalism
- Vídeo: Functionalism and What Mental States Do
- Vídeo: Functionalism and Functional Complexity
- Vídeo: Minds vs. Machines: The Turing Test and the Chinese Room
- Vídeo: Minds vs. Machines: Problems for the Computational View of the Mind
- Vídeo: Further Discussion
- Practice Quiz: Practice: Minds, Brains and Computers
- Reading: Related work by Philosophy staff at the University of Edinburgh
Are Scientific Theories True?
(Professor Michela Massimi) In this module we will explore a central and ongoing debate in contemporary philosophy of science: whether or not scientific theories are true. Or better, whether a scientific theory needs to be 'true' to be good at all. The answer to this question comes in two main varieties. Scientific realists believe that theories ought to be true in order to be good. We will analyse their main argument for this claim (which goes under the name of 'no miracles argument'), and some prominent objections to it. Scientific antirealists, on the other hand, defend the view that there is nothing special about 'truth' and that scientific theories and scientific progress can be understood without appeal to it. The aim of this session is to present both views, their main arguments, and prospects.
7 vídeos, 1 leitura, 1 questionário de prática
- Reading: Module: Are Scientific Theories True?
- Vídeo: Saving the Phenomena? Ptolemeic Astronomy
- Vídeo: Truth? Galileo and Copernican Astronomy
- Vídeo: Scientific Realism and the No Miracles Argument
- Vídeo: Scientific Anti-Realism: Constructive Empiricism
- Vídeo: Realist Rejoinders: Inference to the Best Explanation
- Vídeo: Concluding Summary
- Practice Quiz: Practice: Are Scientific Theories True?
Week 4 review
Nota atribuída: Minds, Brains and Computers
SEMANA 5
Do We Have Free Will and Does It Matter?
(Dr. Elinor Mason) We typically feel that the actions that we make are the result of our own free choices. But what if those actions are simply the end result of a long chain of cause and effect? What does this mean for free will? In this module, we'll look at the concept of determinism. In particular, we'll consider the implications that determinism might have for the notion of free will.
5 vídeos, 1 leitura, 1 questionário de prática
- Reading: Module: Do We Have Free Will? Does it Matter?
- Vídeo: Libertarianism
- Vídeo: Compatibilism
- Vídeo: Hard Determinism
- Vídeo: Summary
- Practice Quiz: Practice: Do We Have Free Will and Does It Matter?
Time Travel and Philosophy
(Dr. Alasdair Richmond) In this module we'll think about some issues in metaphysics, a branch of philosophy that investigates the ways that reality could intelligibly be. Our case study will be the possibility, or otherwise, of time-travel. Some have thought that the apparent possibility of creating a machine that we could use to transport a person backwards in time can be ruled out just by thinking about it. But is time-travel really logically impossible? What would the universe have to be like for it to be possible? And can we know whether our universe fits the bill?
6 vídeos, 2 leituras, 1 questionário de prática
- Reading: Module: Time Travel and Philosophy
- Vídeo: Grandfather Paradoxes
- Vídeo: Two Senses of Change
- Vídeo: Causal Loops
- Vídeo: Where Next?
- Vídeo: Further Discussions
- Practice Quiz: Practice: Time Travel and Philosophy
- Reading: Related work by Dr Alasdair Richmond
Week 5 review
Nota atribuída: Do We Have Free Will and Does It Matter?
Peer review
1 item
- Peer Review: Peer Review
Perguntas frequentes
Como funciona
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Desenvolvedores
Universidade de EdimburgoUniversidade de Edimburgo
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Classificações e avaliações
asd
Very insightful and
I've learned so much through this course, would highly recommend it to anyone interested in learning what Philosophy is.
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An awesome course that covers lots of areas and basic ideas of philosophy!