Part 4c - Sport-specific motor abilities

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Do curso por University of Florida

The Science of Training Young Athletes

174 classificações

University of Florida

The Science of Training Young Athletes

174 classificações

Seventy percent of kids drop out of sports before their high school graduation. Only 15% leave because they feel they are not good enough. Almost 70% leave because they were not having fun, or due to problems with the coach. Injuries cause 30% to give up sports. This course is packed full of practical sports science information that provide youth coaches and parents with the practical pediatric sports science insights to successfully retain young athletes and develop their sport potential while avoiding injury and overtraining. We begin by examining the multidimensional nature of coaching, the relevant sport motor performance abilities, the impact of growth and development on motor skills, the gene versus practice controversy, and briefly overview the body structures strengthened through training. Then we explore the athlete's energy supply, where this energy comes from, and how it matures along with the athlete. Finally, we examine the development of strength, power, anaerobic capacity, coordination and flexibility through the life span. The optional text manual for this course is available at: http://www.learnitez.com/HighPerformanceScience/manuals/

Na lição

Week 1: Introduction to the young athlete

Youth coaches who have a sound understanding of pediatric sports science are essential to the successful development of a young athlete’s sport potential. In this section you are introduced to the multidimensional nature of coaching, and how an athlete’s motor abilities of endurance, strength, speed, coordination and flexibility are affected by growth and maturation.The optional text manual for this course is available at: http://www.learnitez.com/HighPerformanceScience/manuals/

Part 1 - Introduction to motor performance abilities5:49

Part 2 - Designing physical work capacity5:06

Part 3 - Five components of motor performance5:16

Part 4a - Sport-specific motor abilities2:54

Part 4b - Sport-specific motor abilities2:49

Part 4c - Sport-specific motor abilities4:57

Part 5 - Key points of motor performance abilities3:10

Conheça os instrutores

Dr. Chris Brooks
Instructor
Coaching Science Coordinator for USA Track and Field

Coordination is the ability to produce smooth,

efficient movement patterns, often under uncertain conditions.

It involves the ability of the athlete's nervous system to communicate

with the relevant muscles to synchronize the network of

movement units involved in performing a skill.

Movement unit sequencing depends on a well-established nervous system pathway,

and this takes many, many years of practice.

Coordination under time pressure includes conditions under which the athletes

must complete a movement within a certain controlled or uncontrolled time frame.

This causes both physical and nervous system fatigue,

resulting in a deterioration of the athlete's performance of the skill.

For example, while dribbling a ball in soccer,

the player would prefer to do this using a comfortable time rhythm.

However, an opponent can quickly force the player, whose dribbling the ball,

to begin moving within a more restricted space and use muscles on both the left and

right side of the body, depending on how the opponent behaves.

Further demands on the athlete's coordination occurs while controlling

the implement and changing direction almost instantaneously.

In other words, the constant changing directions and

conditions require quick nervous system adaptation.

Training under coordination under time pressure,

especially when the environmental conditions are uncertain,

involve the use of both agility and mobility drills.

Agility is the ability to move quickly and easily,

and it requires the ability to think and draw conclusions quickly,

in addition to maintaining good balance under changing conditions and speed.

All agility training is designed to fine-tune body awareness,

reaction time, and nervous system muscular control.

Most agility drills are based on very fast stop and

start actions that place considerable demand on the body.

Good muscular endurance is, therefore,

needed to maintain the quality of the movement.

Mobility permits the unrestricted dynamic movement of joints, so

that skills can be performed within the correct time frame.

It reflects how the joints, the tendons, and the ligaments, and lungs, and the body

moves while using the types of movements critical to reaching the desired posture.

And this requires good core body control to maintain the stability of some joints,

while other joints move into a desired position.

Mobility is somewhat similar to dynamic flexibility, but

it has a specific movement purpose, so the skill can be effectively accomplished.

Lack of hip mobility is a common problem among athletes.

Coordination under precision requires

precisely optimizing the body control in time and space,

using muscle strength to maintain certain body positions for a period of time.

And this is commonly seen in gymnastics and diving.

Coordination under precision occurs when the limbs must be moved precisely

in both time and space to maximize the successful outcome of the skill.

And finally, flexibility.

The word flexibility, itself, is derived from the latin flexibilus,

meaning to bend without breaking.

The static component involves moving the muscles or

the limbs slowly into the stretch position.

And the dynamic component involves moving a muscle quickly

into a stretch position using high amplitudes of motion.

Dynamic flexibility works within the confines of the sensors within

the muscle that monitor the tension and length of the muscle, and also within

the confines of the senses that measure unsafe stresses on the tendon.

Together, all the senses form the stretch reflex mechanism.

And one goal of flexibility training is to train and delay or

minimize activation of the stretch reflex,

thus permitting much higher amplitudes of motion.

We're going to come back and

discuss all the complexities involved in flexibility in module 15.

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