Summary of Topic Three

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Do curso por Duke University

Visual Perception and the Brain

139 classificações

Duke University

Visual Perception and the Brain

139 classificações

Learners will be introduced to the problems that vision faces, using perception as a guide. The course will consider how what we see is generated by the visual system, what the central problem for vision is, and what visual perception indicates about how the brain works. The evidence will be drawn from neuroscience, psychology, the history of vision science and what philosophy has contributed. Although the discussions will be informed by visual system anatomy and physiology, the focus is on perception. We see the physical world in a strange way, and goal is to understand why.

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Background

The Eye (part 1)10:18

The Eye (part 2)4:38

The Retina (part 1)7:13

The Retina (Part 2)12:43

The Primary Visual Pathway (part 1)10:12

The Primary Visual Pathway (part 2)8:33

The Visual Cortex (part 1)12:38

The Visual Cortex (part 2)11:19

The Concept of Receptive Fields4:15

Summary of Topic Three2:59

Summary of Module One1:38

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Dale Purves
M.D.
Duke Institute for Brain Sciences

Let me just summarize what we've talked

about in topic three of this overall module.

First, for purposes of this course, as I said before,

the organization of the visual system concerns the primary visual pathway.

We're not going to talk about the details,

we're not going to talk more about many of the details of the primary visual pathway.

But we're not going to talk about the pupillary light reflex, the head and

eye movements and that for major issues in vision generally,

but not about perception.

The primary visual pathway is, by definition, the pathway from eye to

cortex, primary visual cortex and higher order cortices that are concerned with,

ultimately, what we end up seeing, which is the focus of the course.

The main elements of the primary pathway are the eye and the retina,

of course, the lateral geniculate nucleus in the thalamus and

the visual cortex in the occipital lobe.

The focus is very often, experimentally and

is going to be in this course, on V 1 because much more is known about

that than the higher [INAUDIBLE] areas that we discussed a minute ago.

The pathway begins as a hierarchy from retina,

to thalamus, to visual cortex, going up anatomically in the brain.

You can think of this as an abstraction of information in this hierarchy going from

retina to thalamus to visual cortex because there are many more receptor cells

in the retina than there are cells in the thalamus and in the primary visual cortex.

In the sense that there is at every level the focusing of information and

abstraction of information that is

basically a conceptual convergence, at least, and to some degree,

anatomical as well, of information from the retina on through the cortex.

The last point I made was that a guiding principle of the whole

shebang is going to be the concept of receptive field.

That entails not just the locus of where a stimulus that activates

a particular neuron is but also what it's properties are, as we'll see,

the idea of the receptive field gets complicated.

It's not entirely as straightforward as one would like but it's an operating

principle that's characteristic of the visual system and other sensory systems.

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