Character Encoding

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Technical Support Fundamentals

6746 ratings

Google

Technical Support Fundamentals

6746 ratings

Curso 1 de 5 em Specialization Google IT Support Professional Certificate

In this course, you’ll be introduced to the world of Information Technology, or IT. This course is the first of a series that aims to prepare you for a role as an entry-level IT Support Specialist. You’ll learn about the different facets of Information Technology, like computer hardware, the Internet, computer software, and job-related skills. You’ll also learn about the history of computers, and the pioneers who shaped the world of computing that we know today. This course covers a wide variety of topics in IT that are designed to give you an overview of what’s to come in this IT Support Professional Certificate. By the end of this course, you’ll be able to: - understand how the binary system works. - assemble a computer from scratch. - choose and install an operating system on a computer. - understand what the Internet is, how it works, and the impact it has in the modern world. - learn how applications are created and how they work under the hood of our computer. - utilize common problem-solving methodologies and soft skills in an Information Technology setting. Except as otherwise noted, the contents on this site are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Introduction to IT

Welcome to Technical Support Fundamentals, the first course of the IT Support Professional Certificate! By enrolling in this course, you are taking the first step to kickstarting your career in tech. In the first week of the course, we'll learn about how computers were invented, how they've evolved over time, and how they work today. We will also learn about what an "IT Support Specialist" is and what they do in their job. By the end of this module, you will know how to count like a computer using binary and understand why these calculations are so powerful for society. So let's get started!

Computer Language3:00

Character Encoding3:04

How to Count in Binary3:04

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Remember from the earlier video that a byte can store only zeros and ones.

That means we can have 256 possible values.

By the end of this video,

you'll learn how we can represent the words, numbers,

emojis and more we see on our screens,

from only these 256 possible values.

It's all thanks to character encoding.

Character encoding is used to assign

our binary values to characters so that we as humans can read them.

We definitely wouldn't want to see all the text in our emails and

Web pages rendered in complex sequences of zeros and ones.

This is where character encodings come in handy.

You can think of character encoding as a dictionary.

It's a way for your computers to look up

which human characters should be represented by a given binary value.

The oldest character encoding standard used this ASCII.

It represents the English alphabet,

digits, and punctuation marks.

The first character in ASCII to binary table, a lowercase a,

maps to 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 in binary.

This is done for all the characters you can find in

the English alphabet as well as numbers and some special symbols.

The great thing with ASCII was that we only needed to use

127 values out of our possible 256.

It lasted for a very long time,

but eventually it wasn't enough.

Other character encoding standards recreated to represent different languages,

different amounts of characters and more.

Eventually they would require more than 256 values we were allowed to have.

Then came UTF 8.

The most prevalent encoding standard used today.

Along with having the same ASCII table,

it also lets us use a variable number of bytes.

What do I mean by that? Think of any emoji.

It's not possible to make emojis with a single byte,

so as we can only store one character in a byte,

instead UTF 8 allows us to store a character in more than one byte,

which means endless emoji fun.

UTF 8 is built off the Unicode Standard.

We won't go into much of detail,

but the Unicode Standard helps us represent character encoding in a consistent manner.

Now that we've been able to represent letters, numbers,

punctuation marks and even emojis,

how do we represent color?

Well, there are all kinds of color models.

For now, let's stick to a basic one that's used in a lot of computers.

RGB or red, green, and blue model.

Just like the actual colors,

if you mix a combination of any of these,

you'll be able to get the full range of colors.

In computerland, we use 3 characters for the RGB model.

Each character represents a shade of the color and

that then changes the color of the pixel you see on your screen.

With just eight combinations of zeros and ones,

were able to represent everything that you see on your computer,

from a simple letter a,

to the very video that you're watching right now on the Coursera website.

Very cool. In the next video,

we'll discuss how we actually generate the zeros and ones.

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