Hello there and welcome to week 5 of the course. My name is Samuel Renggli and I work as an environmental engineer at Eawag. In this video, I am going to give you a brief overview on the videos of this week. After looking at planning approaches in week 1, technologies and systems in week 2 and 3 and case studies in week 4, this week, we will focus on urban sanitation tools and overarching themes of urban sanitation. We are focusing on urban sanitation, as new approaches for sanitation planning are required compared to rural settings and due to the increased urbanisation of the world. We just recently passed the point in human history, where more people are now living in urban than in rural areas. And not only big cities are growing, but also small towns and urban centers, where a quarter of the world population lives, like the small town of Nala in this image. So let's have a look at the videos that my colleagues from Eawag, World Bank and WHO are going to present. They are structured into the sections: “Urban sanitation tools” that you can use in your daily work; and the section “Overarching themes of urban sanitation”, highlighting overarching themes that play an important role in urban sanitation. We will introduce decision making support for urban sanitation, including the shit flow diagrams, in two modules. These are methods that can be used for the visualization of sanitation in the urban context, helping to advocate for saniation and contributing to decision making processes. Then we will have the approach of sanitation safety planning, a risk-based management tool for sanitation systems introduced by our colleagues from the World Health Organization. This lecture is based on their publication with the same name. And you'll find this publication on our course page. Finally on the tools side, you will get to know tools for institutional and political economy analysis for sanitation solutions. Or in other words, assessment tools in order to analyse the strengths and weaknesses in the institutional, regulatory, budget and monitoring sanitation service situation at the city level. On the right side, where we have the lecture on overarching themes of sanitation, we will give you an introduction to sanitation from a gender perspective. There, you will get to know the importance of gender specific planning in the urban context. After that, we have a presentation on behaviour change in urban sanitation, where you can find out about techniques and methods for demand creation of sanitation services. We also have two modules that focus on the financial part of sanitation, answering the question on how sanitation can be financed and how innovative approaches like results-based financing can play a role in maintaining financial sustainability of sanitation services. Finally, you will get familiar with the project cycle, and how you can use it in your own sanitation projects and day-to-day work. So please, have another look at the overview of the videos on tools and themes. and go and check out these videos and learn more about some aspects other than technology that are crucial to consider for a sanitation system in order for it to be sustainable. If there are any questions about any of these videos, please let us know in the forum and we can have a discussion. I thank you very much for your attention and have a great last week learning about sanitation!