In the expression “creative thinking”, the keyword is not creativity; the keyword is thinking. With the help of great philosophers, you will rediscover the art of thinking. To help leaders to be rigorous even without figures, great philosophers have lots of ideas. Managers are invited to rediscover the art of thinking. They should understand the role of mental models, realize the importance of cognitive bias, agree on clear definitions and efficient criteria etc. Creativity demands the ability to unshackle ourselves from conventional ways of thinking, to "think outside the box". But we need to go a step further. Once outside the box, we need to construct a new box or boxes (that is, new intellectual frameworks or models) to help us structure our thinking. Only once we have done so can we generate truly game-changing ideas.
Not a Single Idea is Born Good
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Estratégia: o que os gestores podem apreender com a filosofia - Parte 1
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CentraleSupélec
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The Forgotten Half of Change
This lecture will discuss how strategy is mostly about leading change. New ideas are required because the world of tomorrow will be, again, different.
And we need to remember change has two faces : perception and reality.
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Luc de BrabandereProfessor at Ecole Centrale Paris
[BLANK_AUDIO]
Two types of change, but of course we are different.
Some people are better at changing
reality, running project, leading big transformations.
Some people are better in changing the
perception, and definitely, belong to the second group.
For many many years now, I only focus on perception.
The whole course will, in a way, be around perception.
Why we perceive, how the lows of perception And it's going to
be like, it's going to be with us through the, the six, lectures.
I'm, my passion is perception.
It's the forgotten half of change.
And we won't take any, we won't talk anymore about innovation.
I did it with, and that's why I joined BC, see because I
had, I had a lot of partners changing reality, and the combination was perfect.
But now, let's talk only about perception.
And the next step is, in a way, in
a changing world, one day you need a new perception.
That's, no, I remember Kafka who wrote in one of his books, in
a fight between you and the world, you should bet on the world.
Oh.
It looks funny, but we often do exactly the opposite,
we bet on ourselves, so let's bet on the world.
The world is changing, we need to change our perception.
A perception is always a simplification.
In other words, we need to move from one simplification to the other.
Only two possibilities.
Either you the victim of the process, or you lead the process.
Either, suddenly you realize hey, oh, la, la, I'm completely wrong.
I never realized that [SOUND] and you're a bit desperate.
It's like suddenly realizing I made a big mistake.
I didn't change my perception on time.
Or, completely different scenario, you, you build the next perception.
You realize, hey, there are some weak
signals here, I need to change my perception.
And we will be in details in other, in other lectures, but let's keep this
difference between being the victim of the change or being the driver of the change.
And I, I often say the choice is carumba or eureka.
Carumba is when you realize you're completely wrong, outdated.
And this, eureka is when you say wow.
I'm going to do this, I'm going to do this.
It's strange, because, in a way for a cognitive scientist, this feeling
of being wrong and this feeling of being a genius is exactly the same.
Suddenly you replace one perception by another.
Of course, the second option is much better, when you lead the process.
And that's what we're going to do now.
Let's focus on eureka.
What is exactly this [SOUND] click, suddenly
of course it's going through this, through this.
Then there are a lot of example, but we need an additional point.
You remember the step.
Let's add a little detail, you will see here.
You remember the slides, but do you notice a little cross, which loop?
And it's based on a fact.
It's based on the facts, and you, the fact is this one, not a single
good idea is, was good the day of it's birth.
There is not a single example of, on this planet,
of an idea that was good the day of it's birth.
It's a fact.
You can take the car, the computer, the whatever.
They are always two steps.
And they are summarized, symbolized here.
You have a first step that brings you from the
existing old idea, to [SOUND] the new concept.
But at this step, it's not good, it's just new.
You need another step, which brings you from the new concept to the good one.
This is probably the main thing to remember about creativity.
The brain is a two stroke engine.
One of the brain apparently on the right side, I never open the skull, but
apparently on the right side, is the brain that allows you to move from existing
ideas to new concepts by breaking some old ideas.
The other brain, apparent from the left side, allows you to move
from this new to the good product that will make you a winner.
Brain, a lot of way to talk about, some people are
talking about imagination and judgement, lateral,
vertical, divergent, convergent, you can choose
the way you want to talk about it, but you don't have
the choice, you need to respect the two stroke of the engine.
If you really want to achieve, a great new idea, you need to respect the two steps.
Step number one is imagination.
You break existing stereotypes.
You break existing rules.
And you don't dream about being the winner.
There is another step that will bring you, or
somebody else, from the new to, to the good one.
Let's take an example, a famous one.
Edison, Edison probably he invented the lightbulb.
Maybe it's somebody else, but that's another story.
Invented the lightbulb, and Bashla, is a
philosph, French philosopher explain exactly how it happened.
Before Edison, anybody who wanted to produce
some light in a way produced some fire.
You need, before Edison, you need to burn something in order to produce some light.
Can be oil, can be wax, can be what you want.
There are many, many way to produce light, but what
was common to all those products before Edison, you burn something.
What was the idea of Edison?
Suddenly said, I have an idea.
I will produce light by preventing something from burning.
Imagine the situation, it's [SOUND], this is really a break.
But the day of this illumination, he was not
with a good idea, he was with a new idea.
Breaking the rule.
I will produce some light by preventing something from burning.
And then he said in his book, in his biography, he said
I invented 500 ways not to produce a light bulb.
And it's a good summary.
You can not have [SOUND] immediately, immediately the good idea.
You need to follow like a two step, two step process.
You have many, many example and probably the philosopher I
like the most, at least on this topic, is Kant.
Kant said in one of his book people are like birds.
They fly.
The air.
And from time to time, there is some wind.
So, yeah, head wind, so, the bird is a bit angry.
Say, why is this wind?
It would be better a world without air.
And of course, without air, it couldn't fly.
So, Kant, his metaphor, it's perfect.
It shows that the air, is at the same time the problem of the
bird because of the resistance, and also the condition of the flight without air.
No flight.
I like this metaphor for creativity.
What is a bad idea?
What is a bad idea?
You have to perceptions.
You can say a bad idea costs a lot of money, oh we should avoid bad ideas.
No, no, no, no, no.
If you respect the two stroke of the bold, the rules of creativity,
you should perceive the bad idea, the bad idea,
as, exactly like the air, as the condition of the good idea.
You have to take risks.
If you don't fail, you don't succeed.
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