3.2 Lab Demo: Basic Circuits

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Do curso por Georgia Institute of Technology

Linear Circuits 1: DC Analysis

103 classificações

Georgia Institute of Technology

Linear Circuits 1: DC Analysis

103 classificações

This course explains how to analyze circuits that have direct current (DC) current or voltage sources. A DC source is one that is constant. Circuits with resistors, capacitors, and inductors are covered, both analytically and experimentally. Some practical applications in sensors are demonstrated.

Na lição

Module 3

This module demonstrates physical resistive circuits and introduces several systematic ways to solve circuit problems.

3.2 Lab Demo: Basic Circuits6:34

Conheça os instrutores

Dr. Bonnie H. Ferri
Professor
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Dr. Joyelle Harris
Director of the Engineering for Social Innovation Center
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Dr Mary Ann Weitnauer

[SOUND] Welcome

back to Linear Circuits, this is Dr Ferri.

We're going to be doing a lab demo,

which is a follow on to the previous demo that we did.

Now we're going to build basic circuits.

Let's go ahead and remind you of the basic resistor configurations.

We've got he series and parallel.

In the series, remember you add them up,

in the parallel, if we've got two resistors, it's the product over the sum.

So we have first built two resistors in series with one another.

And remember how the spread board works, If I want to connect two things,

I have to put them in the same row.

So if I put this resistor right here,

Then the other resistor has to be in that center row the same.

So I could put it over to here.

Or I could have put this end down over here.

So let's go ahead and measure this resistance.

I'm change this scale to 20k, because I've got a 1k and

a 2k together, I should get 3k.

And I'm going to put my leads in the same hole switches and

barely hold them up there, just so it's snug.

2.96k, so it's close to 3k, it's within tolerance.

Actually, let's move around a little bit, yeah, 2.96.

If I want to put these in parallel,

then I'm going to swing one of these back around, so

that I've got to have them in the same rows on both ends.

Now let me go ahead and measure this, and 1k and

2k, let's see, let me show you what we measure.

We're going to get 0.65.

If I want more resolution, I can go down on my scale there.

So I'm measuring close to 660 ohms right here.

And what should it be?

Well it's the product over the sum, I've got a 2k and a 1k.

So I'd have a 2k times a 1k over 3k, and that's about 666 ohms.

Now what I'd like to do is actually build a circuit.

Let's build a series circuit.

And I am going to add my battery in there as my power source.

Let me make a connection between my,

Resistors and rows that I am going to put the battery into.

So then I put the battery into this set of rows.

What we're going to want to do is look at the voltage divider law.

So we've got resisters in series like this,

and v2 is a voltage across one of the resisters,

is that resister over the sum of the two resisters times the voltage source.

So in this circuit I've got the two resisters in series,

if I want to find the voltage across one of them,

I have to find this resistance over this sum times this voltage.

So if I look at this I need to put this back into the voltage,

and what we've already measured over here,

This is the positive, that's the negative.

4.76 is the voltage source.

What's the voltage over here?

Is 3.17.

Where does that come from?

Well this is the 2k and so it's 2,000 over 3,000.

So in other words, two-thirds of the voltage source here.

Next, we're going to want to measure current.

There's actually two ways to measure current.

One is with the ammeter that's available on the DMM, and

the other is to use Ohm's law, where we would measure the voltage

across one of our resistors, and then just use Ohm's law to find the current.

So we'd take that voltage divided by that resistance.

Going back to the circuit that we've built, we want to measure this current.

So what I can do is measure the voltage across one of the resistors and

then divide by that resistance.

So, right there, that's 1.57 volts, and

this is a 1k resistor, so it would be 1.57 divided

by 1,000, would be 1.57 milliamps.

Now the other way to measure it, is you have to break up this circuit.

I'm going to break up this circuit right here.

So, if I move one of these resistors into another hole,

I now have an open circuit right there.

And actually,

you can test that open circuit by seeing how much voltage drop is across this.

We get 0 voltage drop means there's 0 current.

So the ammeter has to be in series with the circuit.

So if I change this to [SOUND] the ammeter,

I'm going to be expecting very small amount of

current, and I'll put this in series.

And I get just about the same thing, 1.59 milliamps.

Now notice if I reverse the polarity on this, it's equivalent to

changing the direction of my current, and I'm going to negate it right there.

To summarize let's look at our key concepts that we've gone through

in this lab demo.

We showed how to connect physical resistors in both parallel and in series.

We've shown how you can measure voltages and currents, and

how you can actually build a circuit.

And how you can use a voltage divider law and Ohm's law.

And finally, we showed how to measure current in two ways.

One is with the ammeter, where the ammeter has to be in series with the circuit, and

the other is using Ohm's law, where we measure the voltage across a resistor, and

then use Ohm's law to find the current.

All right, thank you very much.

[SOUND]

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