Hi everybody. Our learning goals for this first module are as follows. Express your ideas about your own heritage and that of others. Describe various heritage concepts. Learn the research methods for recording and documenting your own heritage. And discuss with your fellow students how heritage can be a very personal concept. This module is on, what is your heritage. Cultural heritage is part of the human past and memory and an issue very much related to personal experience through inheritance or participation. In this module, we will be situating heritage on this very personal level, since heritage is something personal and individual, as well as collective and universal. We are applying a wide and holistic approach to heritage. So, what is cultural heritage? Cultural heritage is the tangible remains and intangible traits passed on from generations and kept in the present and comfort for the benefit of future generations. What are these tangible remains, then? We are talking about buildings, monuments, landscapes, works of art, artifacts, books and ancient scripts. We are also talking about the intangible, including values and traditions and features that are attributed cultural values, that we are talking also about the spiritual places such as springs, mountains and trees. Heritage in terms of traditions includes performance arts such as theater, music, stories on cultural practices. The act of keeping this heritage is called preservation, or conservation. In most cases, preservation means curatorship, a guardianship of the heritage, while the term conservation may imply methodical practice. There are many recognized local and international legal, traditional and practical methods for the documentation, conservation and management of heritage. For example, UNESCO. The United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization declared at the World Heritage Convention of 1972. The idea behind it is that all humans contribute to world heritage and that's important to respect and safeguard what is of outstanding universal value, according to the convention. However, heritage can have different meanings to different people. Not all people value monuments or objects, and if they do, not necessarily in the same way or for the same reasons. For example, how do traditional societies perceive heritage? Research has shown that they often have a holistic approach to heritage. For instance, in Africa, in the pastoral nomadic region where I do my research, people don't identify with archeological remains but instead embrace the landscape experiences and practices. This is summarized in the concept called the knowledge-centered approach, which demonstrates how heritage is perceived by some traditional societies. There are many different ways that the practices of heritage differ around the world. For example, one of the practical ways to protect an object is to keep it in a museum. However, the knowledge-centered approach shows that the notion of museums is not universal. So, what is your heritage? We ask you because this is a human right. The right to enjoy and participate in cultural experiences is in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. What's your choice, namely selection is something imperative for defining heritage because everything may not be relevant. Generally, it's accepted that heritage binds us to our past. Heritage provides a communal identity and a sense of shared experiences. However, also contestations of heritage occur in the present. A certain heritage can be ignored, denied, rejected or even destroyed by one generation and then revived by the next generation. Minority identity might be connected to minority tangible and intangible heritage. How does minority heritage thrive, not only survive, in a dominant majority culture? UNESCO has its criteria but communities around the world have had always ways to define their own heritage even before UNESCO. It has been taken for granted the existence of top down approaches to the protection of heritage. However, what we want to know, is what gets people up and to protect heritage beyond just world conventions? So, please reflect on what is your own heritage. In the next video, you will see interviews with some of our experts on the topic and they we'll share with us their own heritage. See you next time.