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Earth Hour City Challenge

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Economia sustentável: cidades sustentáveis

Universidade de Lund

4.6 (956 classificações) | 41K alunos inscritos

How can we shape urban development towards sustainable and prosperous futures? This course will explore sustainable cities as engines for greening the economy. We place cities in the context of sustainable urban transformation and climate change. Sustainable urban transformation refers to structural transformation processes – multi-dimensional and radical change – that can effectively direct urban development towards ambitious sustainability and climate goals. We will connect the key trends of urbanization, decarbonisation and sustainability. We will examine visions, experiments and innovations in urban areas. We will look at practices (what is happening in cities at present) and opportunities (what are the possibilities for cities going forwards into the future). We bring together a collection of diverse short films and key short readings on sustainable cities as well as interactive forums and a practical assignment to create an online learning community. This course provides key examples of activities to promote sustainable cities in Scandinavia, Europe and around the world. We utilize films and reports by WWF, the Economist Intelligence Unit, ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability, UN-Habitat, C40 Climate Leadership Group, Arup, Sustainia, the Rockefeller Foundation, and ongoing research projects. This course is produced by Lund University in cooperation with WWF and ICLEI. It is available for free to everyone, everywhere! The International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics (IIIEE) at Lund University is an international centre of excellence on sustainable solutions. The IIIEE is ideally suited to understand and explain the interdisciplinary issues in sustainable cities and greening the economy utilising the diverse disciplinary backgrounds of its international staff. The IIIEE has been researching and teaching on sustainable solutions since the 1990s and it has extensive international networks connecting with a variety of organizations. 5 hours/week 5 weeks duration 30 films 10 teachers

Visualizar o programa do curso

Habilidades que você aprenderá

Energy, Urban Planning, Economy, City Planning

Avaliações

4.6 (956 classificações)

5 stars
693 ratings
4 stars
189 ratings
3 stars
57 ratings
2 stars
6 ratings
1 star
11 ratings

NM

Aug 31, 2017

Great introduction to the concept / practical aspects of sustainable cities! Easy to understand with the examples provided. I hope there will be a more advanced course for this subject.

KB

Dec 20, 2018

I found it a really interesting course and found it fascinating to hear about what different cities are doing to become more sustainable. I think the UK could learn a lot!

Na lição

Future Urban Visions

By studying this module you can gain an increased knowledge and a deeper understanding of visions for sustainable cities.

Visioning Cities for the Future7:37

Smart Sustainable Cities7:22

Earth Hour City Challenge18:14

Visions and Pathways 20404:21

ICLEI Carbon Literacy in Manchester, UK0:37

The Green Urban - Part I5:08

Ministrado por

Dr. Kes McCormick
Associate Professor
Prof. Lena Neij
Professor and Director
Prof. James Evans
Visiting Researcher
Prof. Harriet Bulkeley
Visiting Researcher

Transcrição

[MUSIC]

I'm a research fellow at this institute called Luc Hoffman Institute.

And besides being a little bit difficult to

spell because there are too many letters there,

it's also very amorphous, so it has an office in Gland and

then we have fellows, which are spread all over the world,

and there are six fellows right now, and

most of them are doing research in something to do with conservation,

but I work on cities, which is a growing area of interest for

the WWF, so I'm gonna talk a little bit about that.

So WWF, I'm sure you are familiar with their conservation efforts.

They work in that area, panda is their symbol, they have a global presence.

They're very well-known.

But they also have a growing interest in cities, so

the program that I'm working with, it's called the Earth Hour City Challenge.

It's basically this large program where the cities

report their footprint reduction actions and commitments.

So why is WWF interested in this?

Obviously, the key reasons I think most people here understand,

cities are the primary habitat in which human beings live.

So if you want to change the way we live, if you want to change how we behave,

we essentially have to change cities.

And that is the reason why the battle for

climate change, or peak resource extraction, or

any of these problems that we face right now is going to be won or lost in cities.

If cities don't transform, then we won't be making a large progress in

a lot of the other areas that we work on.

But cities are also adaptive systems.

They're also complex, adaptive systems,

which means that if you want to see change happening in cities,

it's not something that can be planned or

predicted using the normal evaluation criteria.

So, in cities you can have a lot of inertia to change,

there can be a lot of resistance.

But at the same time, there can be these pressure points,

or trigger points, where if you actually do jump across those,

then you can see immediate transformations right away.

And so, one of the things that we wanna try to do is,

try to find these positive pressure points,

where we can start seeing immediate change in the cities that we live in.

So what is the Earth Hour City Challenge?

The Earth Hour City Challenge is a global program where cities are reporting carbon

footprint reduction commitments and actions.

So, in the last iteration

we had 166 cities reporting from 17 different countries.

They basically come in and report on this platform called the Carbon Platform.

What they're going to do is the next year in terms of reducing their carbon

footprint, and what are their commitments for

the next year and also for the next following few years.

So how much overall deduction they're gonna do, and what are the key

actions that they're gonna take in order to achieve those commitments.

This platform is being run by ICLEI and it has, besides

the 166 cities that are a participating in the Earth Hour City Challenge, it also has

reporting from a lot of different cities compiling to other international programs.

There are 524 cities reporting data on this.

Although there is some level of standardization,

there isn't a lot of standardization in their reporting across the board.

So not everyone is reporting everything.

And some of the data being reported is complying to different standards

as compared to some of the other data that's being reported.

So in order to sort of appreciate and find good examples for

urban transformation,

every year the Earth Hour City Challenge selects a global capital.

So last year it was Seoul, and

this was announced the ICLEI World Congress in Seoul in April 2015.

Cape Town was the winner before that, and Vancouver was the winner before that.

In some ways these cities are leaders in the fields in which they're acting but

this is also not a generalized comment on the overall sustainability of the city.

This just means that this city is being very ambitious towards

getting the carbon footprint reductions that we need and

also that they're actually making some progress towards those commitments.

So there are some actions being reported which are concrete and actionable.

Also, the actions that are reported are not necessarily

limited to energy related actions.

So there are lot of actions that are reported which are related to food,

localization, for instance, there's some water related actions.

There's the obvious ones relating to transport and heat and

energy in buildings.

But basically, the only thing that ties all of these actions

together is that the cities, when they report, they try to make an estimate

of how much carbon they can reduce by applying any certain action.

So, that's kind of a strength.

But otherwise these actions almost come from all areas of urban footprint.

Besides selecting the global capital every year,

every country also gets to select a national, or the country doesn't, but

the program selects a national capital each year.

So Gothenburg was the winner in Sweden last year.

So we've been getting data from cities in this platform since 2010.

So it's been three years since cities have been reporting data, and

now we want to go back and look at this data and analyze,

what are the most effective ways for cities to achieve footprint reduction?

And actually go back and feed some of this information back to the cities and

tell them, what are the steps that they can take in order

to achieve footprint reduction in cities.

And that's where this research project comes from.

So now we are starting a research project, which looks at this data and

some of the other data, and

hopefully we will be able to identify, what are the key leverage points?

What are the key areas in which we are getting effective footprint

reduction from cities?

What are the key things that we can do that actually inspire the kind of change

that cities are trying to inspire?

And hopefully we'll be able to look at it from all dimensions.

So not just the hard interventions but also some of the soft drivers of change.

What are the key behavioral change incentives that can be put in place in

order for people to adapt the kind to the practices that we want them to adapt to?

So the key objectives of this research project are essentially to identify

some of these leverage points, or these trigger points, where transformative

change can immediately happen, so we are really interested in transformation.

We are looking at incremental change as well, but also we want to identify

things that the cities can go back and implement right away.

So what is something that you go and tell the mayor of Shenzhen city that he can

implement in two years that is going to have a massive impact on the lifestyles of

people living in cities all over the world?

And maybe serve as an example for low footprint living in cities?

So that's basically our key objective with this research project.

When we are talking about these leverage points or these high leverage points for

cities, obviously every city exists in its own natural social and

economic context, so there are a lot of variations across the board.

So, you can just go to the city and tell them, this is

the kind of thing that you can do and then apply it to cities all over the world.

So one of the important things that we'd have to

have coming out of project like this would be some sort of typology of cities.

So that's something that we wanna work on in

a little bit more rigor than what's out there in the literature so far.

So we wanna look at the typology of cities and see

how we can inform different type of cities to achieve different type of causations.

I'll talk about that a little bit more later on.

And obviously we wanna tell the cities, what are the high-leverage action points?

What are the soft drivers of change?

So not just the hard action points but also the soft drivers of change.

And then we want to have some commentary in there about,

what indicator systems we can use to measure or monitor this change?

So how can we make informed commentary about how these changes being achieved and

whether progress is even being made or not.

And this is a project that brings together academic interests and

practitioner interests.

One of the key tenets of Luc Hoffmann Institute is to bridge this divide between

practitioner and academia.

The outputs of this projects are not just going to be peer-review publications,

which you usually get out of academic projects.

But we will be developing WWF knowledge products,

which speak directly to the practitioners working in the city.

The WWF offices all over the world are working very closely with cities in order

to bring them on board with this program.

So, the project in a way is also being designed by extensive

input from all of these practitioners and stakeholders.

So, the knowledge products that are going to come out of this

research project are going to inform the actions that

the cities will be taking in the immediate future, hopefully.

So now I'll talk a little bit about this typology of cities and

how we want to go forward with it.

So one thing that I feel that Lena brought up as well and

that I think is lacking is a concrete rigorous vision of a good in cities.

So what does sustainable life in cities look like?

In order to that, we have to look at cities in different climatic and

geographical environments.

And then make a commentary on, what is the ideal condition for

these cities to exists 10 years from now, 20 years from now or 50 years from now?

How can a city like Dubai in the Middle East be sustainable?

Whether it can be sustainable or not, if their external energy inflow's acquired,

then what shape must those inflows take?

So, we wanna look at all of the different types of cities on the basis of natural

capital that's available to the cities.

And then do a typology of cities on the basis of how,

with the available natural capital, they can achieve a sustainable form.

And then building on that, we want to do some scenario work which looks at

different types of evolution in technology and in social behavior.

In one scenario we can look at a condition where we are maybe in

a technological world that's not progressing extremely fast.

And maybe there's not a lot of adoption happening, but

we also want to look at breakthrough scenarios.

So some academics that we are working with are people who are imagining cities 60

years from now.

And these are biophilic cities which are basically full of

buildings that are growing themselves

instead of being built.

So, the way the scenario work, we want to have a picture of

sustainable cities in the future in any given climatic or geographical scenario.

And once we have that idea of what that final city type is going to look like,

we want to look at current city types.

Not just in terms of the available natural capital, but also in terms of

the socio-economic conditions, and see how the cities today can go to

the final city type, and then define the transition pathways for them.

So, essentially what we'd be doing wouldn't be a typology of cities,

but it will be a typology of transition pathways.

And then once you have these transition pathways,

then we can maybe try to do some informed work around,

what are the key high leverage points that can inform these transition pathways?

So that's part of the WWF knowledge project that

we want emerging out of this research project.

And at the end of the next two and half years, we want to be able to go back to

the cities and tell them that, if you are this type of city,

then this is one way in which you can achieve sustainability.

This is basically a schematic that summarizes this.

So, you have the current typology C, and

you have to final typology F, and then you go from C to F.

And then, we have this whole database of reporting reported commitments and

actions in the carbon platform.

And we're going to analyze that to find

what are the key sectors in which we can get effective transformation

faster and at a cheaper cost?

And that's gonna inform a diode identification

of high leverage points along these transition pathways.

So that's one of the areas in which the research project is moving forward.

So the other area that I'm gonna talk about

has to do with We Love Cities campaign.

So is a campaign that's associated with the Earth Hour City Challenge program.

And essentially the cities go out there and ask the citizens to go online and

vote for their city to be the global capital of the world.

So the cities organize events around this.

They organize online campaigns around this.

And this is a program that has a massive engagement, at least at the online level.

So last year there was something like 300,000 people around the world who voted for

their cities.

And there were 30,000 people who took the next step besides voting for

their cities and actually provided written suggestions on how the cities can improve

the standards of living and at the same time get footprint reduction in cities.

So, this is one platform in which we are getting some engagement from

the cities in terms of informing how the cities can move forward.

And we want to use this to actually try to do maybe something more concrete,

and something that looks like citizen science.

So we want to enrich the engagement a little bit more.

And the way we want to do it, we want to use the survey in the next step,

in the next year, in order to identify key motivations for

the citizens that compel them to action on the carbon footprint reduction front.

And at the same time, we want to see, what are the campaign strategies

that are working for cities and that are allowing cities to motivate

their citizens to come online and take part in this exercise.

So, on the one hand we are asking the citizens,

what are the key motivations that would motivate?

For instance, are these abstract motivations like climate change,

at the global level, or peak resource extraction, or

are these completely economic motivations?

For instance reduction in your energy bill?

What are gonna be the key motivations that will compel you to act?

And some of this might look like it's obvious, but often with studies like that,

you get results which are counter-intuitive.

So it will be good to get this exercise conducted at a mass-scale and

get some analysis of the motivations of

citizens in terms of how they get the footprint reduction.

And then the results that we get out of this exercise will inform the next stage

or the next development of the We Love Cities campaign.

Where we will probably develop some sort of app to increase the citizen engagement,

and maybe use some of the tools related to geolocation.

And try to get the citizens more engaged in reporting on where

they're actually cutting down on their carbon footprint.

Whether they are driving less, whether they are using less

energy in some other manner, whether they're eating more locally.

And the idea is to basically get

the information from this study to gamify that experience.

So maybe we will set it up in a way where the citizens

actually get some sort of citizen brownie points for engaging with the campaign.

So that's basically a summary where their project is going so far.

This is a program that works in multiple ways, so

you can engage with it at all sorts of different levels.

As a research project it will be a multidisciplinary research project.

So if you're interested in some parts of it,

if you think there's something on which we can collaborate, please contact me.

Otherwise, if you're just interested in it as a citizen,

you can go check out the website and vote for

your city or provide suggestions on how your mayor can do a better job.

And that's basically it, thank you.

[APPLAUSE]

[MUSIC]

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